Crypto's most active bear market ever

Prices are down while activity is at all time high, that relationship wont hold much longer.
Ryan McMillin

Merkle Tree Capital

Every bear market in crypto's short history has followed the same script: leverage unwind, prices fall, speculators leave, and the on-chain numbers crater with them. The hype unwinds and takes the fundamentals with it, because in previous cycles, the fundamentals were the hype. 

This time is different, and the contrasting data is compelling.

Solana is processing transactions at all-time highs. Stablecoin supply is stable at $300 billion, barely moved from its peak. Real-world assets tokenised on-chain have never been higher. The institutions that spent the last decade dismissing crypto as a greater fool casino are now quietly building on the same rails they once derided. And for the first time, Washington is writing real rules, the Clarity Act is being pushed hard behind the scenes with a genuine shot at becoming law this year.

This isn't the wild west anymore, it's maturing during bear markets when few are actually watching.

The 2022 Bear

Luna collapsed and wiped $40 billion in a week, rehypothecation of assets was rife. FTX imploded and took a generation of retail investors with it. NFT trading volumes fell more than 97% from peak. The metaverse, breathlessly hyped by everyone from Facebook to Nike, became a punchline almost overnight. Solana, now the most active blockchain on earth, saw its transaction counts fall off a cliff and price followed.

It was a hype cycle unwinding. And when the hype left, it turned out there wasn't much underneath. It turns out paying $3.4m for a monkey jpeg was not a great store of value. 

The bears were right, in a sense. What they were right about was that 2021 crypto was mostly speculation dressed up as innovation. Monkey jpegs and virtual real estate weren't the financial system of the future. The price crash didn't just wipe portfolios, it cleared the decks.

What's been built on those decks since is a different story entirely, and that's what this bear market has revealed.

Transaction count

Start with Solana. In the last bear market, Solana's transaction count collapsed alongside its price, the network was being used to trade speculative tokens and mint NFTs, and when that stopped, so did the activity. It was a ghost town, worse, a major backer was FTX.

Today Solana is processing north of 150 million transactions a day, an all-time high, achieved during a bear market. Not despite the bear market. During it. The network isn't being propped up by speculators flipping jpegs. It's being used: payments, DeFi, tokenised assets, stablecoins moving between wallets. Real utility, at real scale.

That distinction matters more than it sounds. Transaction count is one of the few metrics in crypto that's genuinely hard to fake over a sustained period. You can manufacture hype, inflate trading volumes, and talk up a roadmap. You can't manufacture 150 million daily transactions for months on end without something real underneath.

The last bear proved activity followed price on the way down. This one is suggesting the relationship runs the other way, and that price is the thing that hasn't caught up yet.

Artemis Daily Transactions - Solana green, Tron red, BNB gold
Artemis Daily Transactions - Solana green, Tron red, BNB gold

The stablecoin story is less obvious but arguably more important.

In the 2022 bear market, stablecoin supply contracted sharply. As confidence evaporated, dollars left the ecosystem entirely, cashed out, written off, gone. It made sense. There wasn't much reason to keep dollars parked on-chain if the only thing to do with them was lose money on speculative tokens. It took nearly 3years to recover to a new all time high.

Today, total stablecoin supply sits at $300 billion. It has barely moved from its peak, and higher than it was in October at the BTC cycle top.

That's not dead money. That's loaded capital. Three hundred billion dollars sitting on-chain, in wallets, in protocols, earning yield, settling transactions, waiting. The people holding it haven't left the ecosystem. They've just moved to the sidelines within it, which is an entirely different thing to cashing out and walking away.

Stablecoin supply 2018 to today, all chains
Stablecoin supply 2018 to today, all chains

And there is good cause for this to skyrocket later this year. In July 2026, a consortium of more than 140 companies, Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Stripe, BlackRock, BNY Mellon, Google, CBA, Shopify, announced Open USD, a partner-governed stablecoin built explicitly to compete in this market. The motivation to move from fiat to stables for the worlds largest companies isn't hard to find. Tether, the company that currently dominates stablecoin issuance, made more than $10 billion in profit in 2025 with fewer than 150 employees. That's roughly $85 million profit per person, more per head than Goldman Sachs, Apple, or Nvidia. It is, by that measure, the most profitable business model on earth per employee. Any company that owns a customer's relationship with dollars it can now be monetised, and reward them for using 'their dollars'.  

The trillions in stable coins that Secretary Bessent has discussed now have a real incentivised path.

RWA. This is where the "maturing asset class" rubber hits the road:

The clearest signal of where this is heading is the DTCC. For readers unfamiliar, the DTCC is the institution that settles virtually every securities trade in the United States, roughly $114 trillion in assets sits under its custody. It is, in the most literal sense, the plumbing of Wall Street. It does not move fast. It does not take risks. Which is exactly why what it's doing right now matters.

In December 2025, the SEC granted the DTCC a No-Action Letter greenlighting a three-year pilot to tokenise securities held on its platform. In July 2026, this month, it moved into live production trades involving tokenised stocks, ETFs, and US Treasuries. JPMorgan, BlackRock, and Goldman Sachs are among the 50-plus institutions participating. The full production rollout is scheduled for October 2026, at which point tokenised versions of Russell 1000 stocks and major ETFs like SPY and QQQ will trade alongside their conventional counterparts on Nasdaq and NYSE.

Real-world assets on-chain have grown every single month of this bear market, 62% growth in 2026 so far, while price is in a bear market adoption is going exponential. 

RWA.xyz real world asset (aka tokenisation) growth 
RWA.xyz real world asset (aka tokenisation) growth 

All we need is Clarity

And then there's the rulebook itself. The Clarity Act is on the Senate floor, a vote before the August 7 recess is still live, and if it passes, a presidential signature around August 10 would make it law before the summer break. Miss that window and the next realistic opportunity is late Q4, after campaign season peaks. It is being pushed hard, approval prospects this year have jumped back to 50/50 on Kalshi.

If it lands, it closes the final piece of the puzzle: record activity, record stablecoin supply, record RWA growth, the DTCC tokenising the stock market, and now a legal framework that tells institutions exactly where they stand. That's not a speculative asset class anymore. That's the new 24/7 financial system for the digital and AI age.

Prices are down while activity is at all-time highs. That relationship historically doesn't hold. Activity leads, price follows, and the gap between the two closes faster than most people expect. The setup going into H2 2026 is the strongest the asset class has ever had going into a recovery. There has never been a better time to DCA in our view.

One last thought worth leaving you with. Crypto has been through the trenches, multiple bear markets, Luna, FTX fraud, declared dead over and over, years-long regulatory war, and a parade of scandals that would have finished most industries. It came back stronger every time, and each recovery started from a higher floor than the last crash. AI, the other transformative technology currently consuming investor attention, hasn't had its first real scandal yet. No FTX moment. No existential reckoning. That test is probably coming, and when it does, the asset class that's already been through the fire and kept building will look very different by comparison.

Crypto doesn't need to be believed in. But you must acknowledge it's adoption.

........
Disclaimer Merkle Tree Capital Pty Ltd (CAR) is a corporate authorised representative of Boutique Capital Pty Ltd (BCPL) AFSL 508011, CAR Number 1293010. CAR is an investment manager of the fund(s) described elsewhere in this document, or in other documentation (Fund). To the extent to which this document contains advice it is general advice only and has been prepared by the CAR for individuals identified as wholesale investors for the purposes of providing a financial product or financial service, under Section 761G or Section 761GA of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The information herein is presented in summary form and is therefore subject to qualification and further explanation. The information in this document is not intended to be relied upon as advice to investors or potential investors and has been prepared without taking into account personal investment objectives, financial circumstances or particular needs. Recipients of this document are advised to consult their own professional advisers about legal, tax, financial or other matters relevant to the suitability of this information. The investment summarised in this document is subject to known and unknown risks, some of which are beyond the control of CAR and their directors, employees, advisers or agents. CAR does not guarantee any particular rate of return or the performance of the Fund, nor does CAR and its directors personally guarantee the repayment of capital or any particular tax treatment. The materials contained herein represent a general summary of CAR’s current portfolio construction approach. CAR is not constrained with respect to any investment decision making methodologies and may vary from them materially at its sole discretion and without prior notice to investors. Depending on market conditions and trends , CAR may pursue other objectives or strategies considered appropriate and in the best interest of portfolio performance. There are risks involved in investing in the CAR’s strategy. All investments carry some level of risk, and there is typically a direct relationship between risk and return. We describe what steps we take to mitigate risk (where possible) in the Fund’s Information Memorandum. It is important to note that despite taking such steps, the CAR cannot mitigate risk completely. This document was prepared as a private communication to clients and is not intended for public circulation or publication or for the use of any third party, without the approval of CAR. Whilst this report is based on information from sources which CAR considers reliable, its accuracy and completeness cannot be guaranteed. Data is not necessarily audited or independently verified. Any opinions reflect CAR’s judgment at this date and are subject to change. CAR has no obligation to provide revised assessments in the event of changed circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, BCPL, CAR and their directors and employees do not accept any liability for the results of any actions taken or not taken on the basis of information in this report, or for any negligent misstatements, errors or omissions. This Document is informational purposes only and is not a solicitation for units in the Fund. Application for units in the Fund can only be made via the Fund’s Information Memorandum and Application Form.

Ryan McMillin
CIO and Co-Founder
Merkle Tree Capital

Ryan McMillin is the Chief Investment Officer and co-founder of Merkle Tree Capital, a specialist digital asset fund manager, managing the MTC Digital Asset Fund and the MTC Bitcoin and Gold Fund. With more than 20 years of experience across...

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